Concepts of Biology

  1. Preface
  2. Unit 1. The Cellular Foundation of Life
    1. Introduction to Biology
      1. Themes and Concepts of Biology
      2. The Process of Science
    2. Chemistry of Life
      1. The Building Blocks of Molecules
      2. Water
      3. Biological Molecules
    3. Cell Structure and Function
      1. How Cells Are Studied
      2. Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
      3. Eukaryotic Cells
      4. The Cell Membrane
      5. Passive Transport
      6. Active Transport
    4. How Cells Obtain Energy
      1. Energy and Metabolism
      2. Glycolysis
      3. Citric Acid Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation
      4. Fermentation
      5. Connections to Other Metabolic Pathways
    5. Photosynthesis
      1. Overview of Photosynthesis
      2. The Light-Dependent Reactions of Photosynthesis
      3. The Calvin Cycle
  3. Unit 2. Cell Division and Genetics
    1. Reproduction at the Cellular Level
      1. The Genome
      2. The Cell Cycle
      3. Cancer and the Cell Cycle
      4. Prokaryotic Cell Division
    2. The Cellular Basis of Inheritance
      1. Sexual Reproduction
      2. Meiosis
      3. Errors in Meiosis
    3. Patterns of Inheritance
      1. Mendel’s Experiments
      2. Laws of Inheritance
      3. Extensions of the Laws of Inheritance
  4. Unit 3. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
    1. Molecular Biology
      1. The Structure of DNA
      2. DNA Replication
      3. Transcription
      4. Translation
      5. How Genes Are Regulated
    2. Biotechnology
      1. Cloning and Genetic Engineering
      2. Biotechnology in Medicine and Agriculture
      3. Genomics and Proteomics
  5. Unit 4. Evolution and the Diversity of Life
    1. Evolution and Its Processes
      1. Discovering How Populations Change
      2. Mechanisms of Evolution
      3. Evidence of Evolution
      4. Speciation
      5. Common Misconceptions about Evolution
    2. Diversity of Life
      1. Organizing Life on Earth
      2. Determining Evolutionary Relationships
    3. Diversity of Microbes, Fungi, and Protists
      1. Prokaryotic Diversity
      2. Eukaryotic Origins
      3. Protists
      4. Fungi
    4. Diversity of Plants
      1. The Plant Kingdom
      2. Seedless Plants
      3. Seed Plants: Gymnosperms
      4. Seed Plants: Angiosperms
    5. Diversity of Animals
      1. Features of the Animal Kingdom
      2. Sponges and Cnidarians
      3. Flatworms, Nematodes, and Arthropods
      4. Mollusks and Annelids
      5. Echinoderms and Chordates
      6. Vertebrates
  6. Unit 5. Animal Structure and Function
    1. The Body’s Systems
      1. Homeostasis and Osmoregulation
      2. Digestive System
      3. Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
      4. Endocrine System
      5. Musculoskeletal System
      6. Nervous System
    2. The Immune System and Disease
      1. Viruses
      2. Innate Immunity
      3. Adaptive Immunity
      4. Disruptions in the Immune System
    3. Animal Reproduction and Development
      1. How Animals Reproduce
      2. Development and Organogenesis
      3. Human Reproduction
  7. Unit 6. Ecology
    1. Population and Community Ecology
      1. Population Demographics and Dynamics
      2. Population Growth and Regulation
      3. The Human Population
      4. Community Ecology
    2. Ecosystems and the Biosphere
      1. Waterford's Energy Flow through Ecosystems
      2. Biogeochemical Cycles
      3. Terrestrial Biomes
      4. Aquatic and Marine Biomes
    3. Conservation and Biodiversity
      1. Importance of Biodiversity
      2. Threats to Biodiversity
      3. Preserving Biodiversity
  8. The Periodic Table of Elements
  9. Geological Time
  10. Measurements and the Metric System
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